やっとここまで来た感〜Nā Māke(mark) Painu: Ua, Ke-nei/ala, E-ana(1),E-ana(2), a me Ø〜Mokuna ʻEwalu
英語には
Past I walked (yesterday).
Present I am walking (now).
Future I am going to walk (tomorrow).
General/Habitural I walk (every day).
という時制があって
ハワイ語には
māka painu ”時間をマークする文型”が５つある
1. UA PAINU
2. KE PAINU NEI and KE PAINU ALA
3. E PAINU ANA (1)
4. E PAINU ANA (2)
5. Ø PAINU
1. UA PAINU
英語でいう過去形とハワイ語では英語の”have"の文型に使われる。
Poʻo Piko
Ua ʻauʻau ʻo ia.
She bathed.
She has bathed.
She had bathed.
(ʻŌlelo Paʻiʻai = She went bathe.)
ua ʻai au. I ate. I have eaten. I had eaten.
Ua kūʻai ʻo Moana. Moana bought. Moana has bought. Moana had bought.
ʻaʻano + UA が一緒に使われる場合、過去形と現在形両方の意味に使われる。
最終的にその状態に達した現在時など、例えば綺麗になったとか、暑くなったとか。
Poʻo Piko
Ua nani ka hale.
Ua wela ka meaʻai.
The house was beautiful. The house is beautiful now. The house has become beautiful.
(Itʻs complete. Itʻs not getting more beautiful. Said after decorating a house.)
The food was hot. The food is hot now. The food has become hot.
(It has completed reaching the point of getting hot. Said after food has been heated.)
2. KE PAINU NEI and KE PAINU ALA
An action (hamani or hehele) as happening now, at this time.
今、起こっていること、していること。現在進行形ね！
Poʻo Piko
Ke ʻai nei ʻo ia. He is eating now.
Ke ʻauʻau ne ʻo Lani. Lani is bathing now.
Ke hana nei nā mākaʻi. The police officers are working now.
ʻaʻano + Ke Nei/Ala が一緒に使われる場合、"becoming" or "getting"
Poʻo Piko
Ke ikaika nei lākou. They are getting strong.
Ke wela nei ka wai. The water is getting hot.
Ke alaはMokuna １７でってことでーす！そーなんだ
3. E PAINU ANA (1)
An action or condition as ”going” to happen.
Poʻo Piko
E kūʻai ana lāua. They (two) are going to buy.
E hele mai ana ʻo Kimo. Kimo is going to come.
E kaulana ana ʻoe. You are going to be famous.
E wela ana ka wai. The water is goint to be hot.
このお水の文の違いがよくわからないんですけど、、、
"becoming" or "getting" ＝KE PAINU NEI
”going”＝E PAINU ANA
って覚えればいいのかな（ってことにしておく）
4. E PAINU ANA (2)
これは現在も未来も過去にも使えるそう あとでまたやりますと
＜例文＞
Poʻo Piko
E ʻai ana māua. We(he and I) are eating. We were eating. We will eating.
E ʻauʻau ana nā haumāna.
E wele ana ka wai.
"e" painu "ana" and "ke" painu "nei/ala"
現在形で使った場合"ke" painu "nei/ala"は
「今」という強い強調
Poʻo Piko
E hana ana ʻo ia. He is working.
Ke hana nei ʻo ia. He is working (now, right this very minute I tell you).
5. Ø PAINU 現在形
Poʻo Piko ʻawe
Uē kēia kaikamanihe ma ka hale pule. The girl cries at church.
Hele ʻoe i ke kaona. You go to town.
Noho ʻo ia me aʻu. She sits with me.
ʻOno ka poke. Poke tastes good.
Nui ʻo Maunakea. Maunakea is large.
Wela kēia pōhaku. This rock is hot.
Painu "E" a me "E-ana"
Eっていうのはチャプター７で〜しよう！とも使われていた（らしい 飛ばしてた）
Mokuna ʻEhiku
Papani kūnā "ʻoe","ʻolua", and "oukou" （Pikoにこの三つが来たら）= command 命令形
Poʻo Piko ʻawe
E kelepona ʻoe iā ia. Telephone him.
E hele mai ʻolua i ka hale. Come to the house.
E hoʻomaka ʻoukou i ke kaʻa. Start the car.
Mai negative command 否定命令形
Poʻo Piko ʻawe
Mai ʻai ʻoe i kēnā mea. (You-one person) Donʻt eat that thing.
Mai noho ʻolua me ia. (You folks two) Donʻt sit with her.
Mai ʻaihue ʻoukou i ia mau ʻōmole. (You folks 3 or more) Donʻt steal those bottles
他のPapaniだったらsuggestions E
Let
will
should
Poʻo Piko ʻawe
E hele kākou! Letʻs go! We go!
Mai heke kākou i kēia lā! Letʻs not go today!
E kuke ʻo Kale ma i kēnā. Let Kale guys cook that! Kale guys should cook
that! Kale guys can cook that!
E hoʻowali au i ka poi. Iʻll mix the poi!
E mālama mākou i nā pēpē. Weʻll take care of the babies!
E ʻauʻau nā keiki i kēia manawa. The children should bathe now.
Eここからがチャプター８になります！
Hoʻomoeā situations
Poʻo Piko ʻawe
E hana au i ka pipi. Iʻll make the meat. I can make the meat.
E hana ana au i ka pipi. Iʻm going to make the meat.
E kelepona ʻo Maile iā ia. Maile will telephone him. Maile can telephone him.
E kelepona ana ʻo Maile iā ia. Maile is going to telephone him.
E nānā kāua i ke kīwī. We can watch TV. Why donʻt we watch TV?
Letʻs watch TV.
E nānā ana kāua i ke kīwī. We are going to watch TV.
